CNC Workshop
Practical CNC guides built from real support questions and hands-on experience. Explore spindle selection, controller compatibility, troubleshooting, upgrades, maintenance, and more from the PwnCNC team.
Can You Add an ATC to Any CNC Router? Compatibility Requirements Explained
Many CNC routers can be converted to automatic tool changing, but the spindle is only one part of the system....
How Much Air Does an ATC Spindle Need? Compressor Size, PSI, and Airflow Explained
Does an ATC spindle require a large compressor? Learn how pressure, airflow, tank size, filtration, and pneumatic accessories affect a...
What Do You Need for a Complete CNC ATC Spindle Installation?
A CNC ATC spindle cannot change tools by itself. A complete installation also needs the right VFD, controller workflow, pneumatics,...
PWM vs. Modbus: Which CNC Spindle Control Method Should You Use?
PWM and Modbus can both provide automatic CNC spindle control, but they work very differently. Learn which method fits your...
Why Is My CNC Spindle Running at the Wrong RPM?
Is your CNC spindle running too fast, too slow, or refusing to go below a certain RPM? Learn how to...
110V vs. 220V CNC Spindles: Which One Should You Choose?
Choosing between a 110V and 220V CNC spindle depends on more than available power. Compare circuit requirements, spindle power, VFD...
CNC VFD Error Codes Explained: Common Causes and First Checks
Learn what common CNC VFD errors such as ERR09, ERR12, ERR31, and ERR38 mean, what to check first, and when...
CNC Spindle Upgrade Compatibility: What to Check Before You Buy
Planning a CNC spindle upgrade? Learn how to verify machine fit, spindle diameter, voltage, VFD communication, cables, drag-chain clearance, dust...
